Genetic Diversity and Drug Resistance Patterns Among of HIV-1 Positive Youth with Non-Suppressed Viral Load in South Rift Valley, Kenya
Loice Chelangat Cheruiyot
KEMRI/USAMRD-A/K Clinical Research Centre Laboratory, Kericho, Kenya
Janet Kombich
Lecturer, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Kabianga, Kericho, Kenya
Ibrahim Daud
Laboratory Director, KEMRI/USAMRD-A/K Clinical Research Centre Laboratory, Kericho, Kenya
ABSTRACT:
Background: Despite the benefits of Antiretroviral Therapy, treatment failures among the youths have been extensively reported due to non-adherence of the drug regime and viral mutations leading to drug resistant variants and data on Genetic Diversity and Drug Resistance Patterns among the youth living with HIV remains scarce. In this study, we describe the genetic diversity and drug resistance patterns among HIV-1 positive youths with non-suppressed viral load from south Rift valley region, Kenya. Objective: In this study, analyzed genetic diversity and drug resistance mutation among the youth aged 15-24 years in south rift valley region, Kenya. Methods: We obtained remnant plasma samples from the ongoing the routine viral load study and amplified HIV-1 Protease, Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase genes, using HIV-1 genotyping kit with integrase. Genotyped by Sanger sequencing and assessed HIVDR mutations using the Stanford HIV drug resistance database and HIV subtype by REGA tool. Results: From 120 samples identified, mean age was 20 years with SD of 2.6. The TDF+3TC+DTG regimen was 89.2% across the age groups, median duration on ART was >6 months to 2 years. Obtained sequenced data on 103/120 (85%) on which 88 on PRRT and 86 on Integrase. The most common DRMs were; M184V (31.4%), K103N (20.9%), G190A (15.1%), M41L (9.3%), E138A (9.3%), K101E (7.0%), Y181C (5.8%), G118R (5.7%), M46I(4.7%). The Predominance of HIV subtype A1(84.1%) circulating among the youths. Conclusion: Our study shows that HIV-subtype A1 is the dominant circulating forms among the youths and TDF+3TC+DTG (dolutegravir-containing) antiretroviral regimens will be effective in the youths. What this study adds: There is need to closely monitor profile HIV drug resistance patterns in youths from the south rift valley region, Kenya with confirmed virologic failure.
Published in: International Journal of Recent Advances in Multidisciplinary Topics (Volume 5, Issue 12, December 2024)
Page(s): 9-13
Date of Publication: 04/01/2025
Publisher: IJRAMT
Cite as: Loice Chelangat Cheruiyot, Janet Kombich, Ibrahim Daud, “Genetic Diversity and Drug Resistance Patterns Among of HIV-1 Positive Youth with Non-Suppressed Viral Load in South Rift Valley, Kenya,” in International Journal of Recent Advances in Multidisciplinary Topics, vol. 5, no. 12, pp. 9-13, December 2024.